解讀人性的顏色：《與白痴為伍》 的溝通智慧

The Colors of Human Nature: Communication Wisdom from Surrounded by Idiots

托馬斯·埃里克森 （Thomas Erikson） 的暢銷書 《與白痴為伍》 （Surrounded by Idiots）為我們提供了一個理解人際互動的簡潔框架。這本書採用了 DISC （支配、影響、穩定、順從）模型，將人們的行為模式劃分為四種基本顏色：紅、黃、綠、藍。其核心理念並不是要為任何人貼上「白痴」 的標籤，而是提醒我們，當他人行為與我們預期不同時，往往不是因為他們惡意，而是因為他們 「說著不同的語言」。

Thomas Erikson's bestseller, Surrounded by Idiots, offers a straightforward framework for understanding interpersonal dynamics. Using the DISC model (Dominance, Influence, Steadiness, Conscientiousness), the book categorizes human behavior into four fundamental colors: Red, Yellow, Green, and Blue. The core message is not to label anyone as an "idiot," but to realize that when people's behaviors diverge from our expectations, it's usually not out of malice, but because they are "speaking a different language."

四種顏色人格的特徵與溝通之道

Characteristics & Communication Strategies

• 紅色人格：支配與果斷

  Red: Dominant & Decisive

  
  

  紅色人格的關鍵特徵是支配與果斷。

  他們是目標導向者，擁有強大的領導力，行動迅速且高效。

  但同時可能缺乏耐心、顯得專斷。

  
  

  【溝通策略】：

  直奔主題，簡潔高效。

  強調 「結果」 和 「效率」。

  給予清晰選項，讓他們自己做決定。

  
  

  The key traits of Reds are dominance and decisiveness.

  They are goal-oriented, possess strong leadership, and are fast-paced.

  However, they can sometimes lack patience and appear dictatorial.

  
  

  Communication Strategy:

  Go straight to the point, be brief and efficient.

  Emphasize "results" and "efficiency."

  Offer clear options and let them make the final decision.

• 黃色人格：影響與社交

  Yellow: Influential & Social

  
  

  黃色人格代表了影響與社交。

  他們樂觀外向，有說服力，創意無限。

  但可能雜亂無章，不專注細節。

  
  

  【溝通策略】：

  熱情積極，提供讚美和空間。

  強調 「可能性」 和 「願景」。

  用引人入勝的故事交流，鼓勵新想法。

  
  

  Yellows represent influence and sociability.

  They are optimistic, persuasive, and highly creative.

  Yet, they can be disorganized and lack attention to detail.

  
  

  Communication Strategy:

  Be enthusiastic, offer praise and space.

  Emphasize "possibility" and "vision."

  Communicate using engaging stories and encourage their new ideas.

• 綠色人格：穩定與關係

  Green: Steady & Relationship-focused

  
  

  綠色人格的特質是穩定與關係。

  他們富有同理心，有耐心，是出色的團隊合作者。

  但可能害怕改變、優柔寡斷。

  
  

  【溝通策略】：

  建立信任，保持耐心。

  強調團隊協作和 「穩定」。

  避免突然的改變或壓力。

  
  

  Green traits focus on steadiness and relationships.

  They are empathetic, patient, and excellent team players.

  However, they may fear change and be indecisive.

  
  

  Communication Strategy:

  Build trust and be patient.

  Emphasize teamwork and "stability."

  Avoid sudden changes or imposing pressure.

• 藍色人格：嚴謹與分析

  Blue: Conscientious & Analytical

  
  

  藍色人格的特徵是嚴謹與分析。

  他們追求精確，邏輯思維嚴密，注重質量。

  但可能過度批評，過分挑剔細節。

  
  

  【溝通策略】：

  提供細節，用邏輯和數據說話。

  強調 「質量」 和 「準確性」。

  提供書面報告和事實支持論點。

  
  

  Blues are characterized by conscientiousness and analysis.

  They value precision, tight logic, and high quality.

  Challenges include being overly critical and fixating on minor details.

  
  

  Communication Strategy:

  Provide details and speak with logic and data.

  Emphasize "quality" and "accuracy."

  Support your points with written reports and facts.

理解而非標籤，自我探索與互補

Understanding, Self-Discovery, and Complementarity

這本書的價值並非在於給他人貼上標籤並評判他們。這種分類法只是學者用來辨識不同人的溝通偏好和需求的工具。

The value of this book is not to label and judge others. This categorization serves merely as a tool for us to identify different people's communication preferences and needs.

在現實生活中，每個人都是多種顏色的綜合體，只是某種顏色可能更突出。有效的溝通者會像變色龍一樣，調整自己的表達方式和接收訊息的節奏，以適應對方的顏色偏好。當我們將與他人溝通的失敗歸因於「我的方式沒問題，是對方聽不懂」時，就無法進步。只有透過理解這四種基本原色，我們才能學會用不同的方式與不同的人溝通，從而在職場上實現高效協作，在生活中建立更深厚的連結，最終達到最佳的溝通成果。

In reality, everyone is a mixture of these colors, with one being more prominent. An effective communicator acts like a chameleon, adjusting their expression style and pace of message reception to match the other person's preferred color. We cannot improve if we attribute communication failures to the belief that "my method is fine; the other person just doesn't understand." Only by grasping these four primary colors can we learn to communicate differently with different people, leading to efficient collaboration at work and deeper connections in life, ultimately achieving the best possible communication results.

更重要的是，這個模型也是一面鏡子，可以用來認識自己的優點和缺點。 知道自己傾向於哪種顏色，就能更好地發揮自身優勢，並警惕潛在的弱點。進一步來說，這也成為我們尋找團隊夥伴、互補長短的依據。一個高效率的團隊需要四種顏色的平衡：紅色來推動目標，黃色來激發創意和熱情，綠色來維持和諧與穩定，藍色來確保細節的精確與質量。透過了解彼此的顏色，我們可以有意識地組合出一個能夠互相補足、更加全面的成功團隊。

More importantly, this model serves as a mirror for recognizing our own strengths and weaknesses. Knowing your dominant color allows you to leverage your advantages while being mindful of potential pitfalls. Furthermore, it becomes a basis for seeking out complementary team members. A high-performing team requires a balance of all four colors: Red to drive goals, Yellow to spark creativity and enthusiasm, Green to maintain harmony and stability, and Blue to ensure accuracy and quality in details. By understanding each other's colors, we can consciously assemble a successful team that is mutually complementary and comprehensive.